International law originates from which of the following sources?

International law primarily originates from customary law, international agreements, and treaties, making the first choice the most accurate representation of the sources of international law.

Customary law refers to practices and norms that have evolved over time and are accepted as legal obligations by states. These customs become legally binding through consistent practice and a belief that such practices are obligatory.

International agreements and treaties are formal written agreements between states or international entities that govern their relations and commitments in various areas, such as trade, environmental protection, and human rights. These documents create specific legal obligations when signed and ratified by the parties involved.

While other options include elements that may play a role in shaping international relations or law, they do not capture the foundational sources of international law as effectively. Nations' charters and historical precedents may inform law but do not constitute direct sources. Government policies and bilateral agreements, while important for state interactions, are specific to individual states and do not carry the same universal legal standing. UN resolutions can guide international norms but are not treaties themselves; they may recommend actions or outline principles rather than establish binding obligations. Therefore, the correct identification of international law's sources is effectively described by customary law, international agreements, and treaties.