What is the focus of International Humanitarian Law?

The focus of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) is to protect civilians and regulate conduct in armed conflict. This body of law is primarily concerned with the rules and principles that apply during times of armed conflict, aiming to limit the effects of warfare on people and property. IHL seeks to ensure humane treatment for all individuals who are not participating in hostilities, including civilians, medical personnel, and aid workers, and it also sets out restrictions on the means and methods of warfare to minimize suffering. This protection extends to those who are hors de combat, such as the wounded and shipwrecked.

The promotion of international trade relations, oversight of military recruitments, and management of military technology usage do not fall under the scope of IHL. While they may be relevant to other aspects of international relations and military governance, they do not address the humanitarian imperatives that IHL is designed to uphold during conflicts. By emphasizing the safeguarding of human dignity in times of war, IHL plays a critical role in maintaining humanity even amidst armed disputes.